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  Genotype Test Introduction A Genotype Test is a laboratory test used to determine an individual's genetic makeup (genotype). It analyzes DNA to identify specific genes, genetic variations (mutations), or inherited traits. Genotype testing is widely used in medical diagnosis, disease risk assessment, pharmacogenomics, paternity testing, forensic science, and blood group compatibility. The test helps identify inherited genetic disorders, predict an individual's response to certain medications, detect carriers of genetic diseases, and support personalized medical treatment. In some countries, genotype testing is also commonly used before marriage to assess the risk of inherited blood disorders such as sickle cell disease . Definition A Genotype Test is a laboratory examination that analyzes a person's DNA to identify genetic characteristics, mutations, or inherited traits for the diagnosis, prevention, and management of genetic disorders. Objectives of ...

  Kidney Function Test (KFT)   Introduction A Kidney Function Test (KFT) , also known as a Renal Function Test (RFT) , is a group of blood and urine tests used to evaluate how well the kidneys are functioning. The kidneys are essential organs that filter waste products, excess water, and toxins from the blood while maintaining electrolyte balance, acid-base balance, and blood pressure. KFT helps diagnose kidney diseases, monitor chronic kidney disease (CKD), detect acute kidney injury (AKI), evaluate electrolyte disorders, and assess the effectiveness of treatment. Definition Kidney Function Test (KFT) is a panel of laboratory tests that measures waste products, electrolytes, proteins, and filtration capacity to evaluate kidney function, diagnose renal diseases, and monitor treatment. Objectives of KFT The major objectives of Kidney Function Tests are: Assess kidney function. Detect acute kidney injury (AKI). Diagnose chronic k...

  Liver Function Test (LFT) Introduction A Liver Function Test (LFT) is a group of blood tests used to evaluate the health and functioning of the liver. These tests measure the levels of liver enzymes, proteins, and bilirubin in the blood. LFTs help diagnose liver diseases, monitor the progression of liver disorders, assess the severity of liver damage, and evaluate the effectiveness of treatment. The liver is one of the largest and most important organs in the human body. It performs numerous vital functions, including metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats; detoxification of harmful substances; production of bile; storage of vitamins and minerals; and synthesis of plasma proteins such as albumin and clotting factors. Any damage to liver cells can alter the levels of these substances in the blood, making LFTs valuable indicators of liver health. Definition Liver Function Test (LFT) is a panel of blood tests that measures liver enzymes, proteins, bilirubin,...